Plow



J. M. MARKEL Jan. 30, 1940.

4 Sheets-Sheet 1 6 Km a w 4 WM m M m M J W a .1 m z a l L WM 4 F D M w\ /w 2 4M7 M 0 3 0 w 07 Z 9 0 9 0 k au l v 0 w W a J 4 w Jan. 30, 1940. J, R E 2,188,413

PLOW

Filed June 7, 1937 4 Shets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. I Ja/m/ /7 Mil?! A TTORN E Y Jan. 30, 1940. J. M. MARKEL 2,138,413

PLOW

F'ile d June '7, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet s INVEN TOR. (fa/0v M MAW/m4 A TTORNEY Jan. 30, 1940.

J. M. MARKEL PLOW 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 7, 1937 f: 5 MN W3 JNVENTOR. (fa/w fimfi/ra ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 30, 1940 UNITED STATES rmw John M. Mariel, Rockford, 111., asslgnor to'J.-I. Case Company, Racine, Will" a corporation Application June '2, 1937, Serial No. 148,840

30 Claims.

The present invention relates to two-way or hillside type rotary plows, and an object of the invention is to generalb improve the construction and operation of implements of this class.

A further objectis to provide a plow structure which will be strong and sturdy, and well suited for the work for which it is intended.

A further object is to provide such a plow which will be to a relatively large extent automatic in operation, and further objects are to provide the following:

Means for maintaining the plow frame substantially level during operation, such means involving mechanism for shifting the supporting 3 wheels; means separate from the wheel adjusting mechanism for dropping the plow into plowing position; other means for adjusting the depth of working of the plow; mechanism for insuring the proper line of draft in accordance with. the

plow or plows in working position at any given time; means for providing ample ground clearance when the plows are in position for transportation, and other means and expedlents looking toward a realization of the above objects.

Further objects and advantages will become apparent from the following specification and accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a plan view of an illustrative embodiment of the invention somewhat diagram- Sil matic in character, and with parts broken away.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same.

Fig. 2* is a detail taken on the line 2"2" of Fi 2.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a slightly modifled plow with parts removed, and others in a different position.

Fig. 4 is a substantially vertical axial sectional view of certain control parts indicated in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a similar view of a portion of Fig. 4,

showing a modified control arrangement.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged side elevation of certain parts indicated in Fig. 2.

Fig. 6'- is a similar view of a portion of Fig. 6, showing a modified type of latch.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line I-'| of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a detail of a latch mechanism as seen from the left in Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a similar view of this mechanism as seen from the right in Fig. 1, with parts removed. "Fig. 10 is an enlarged plan view of a portion of the machine with parts removed and in sec- 96 tion approximately on the line Ill-l0 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the same taken on the line |l--|l of Fig. 10.

Similar reference characters have been applied to the same parts throughout the drawings and specification.

As seen in Fig. l, the implement comprises generally a main frame F serving as a foundation for the plow, and to which most of the component parts thereof are attached. The frame is supported by wheels W1 and W ,thro118h P wer-lift clutches C and C and carries a supplemental frame or element S to which are aflixed plow bottoms B --B and B -B, (Fig. 2) arranged to engage the ground alternately as supplemental frame S is reversed. A draw-bar D is attached to frame F and arranged for connecting it to a tractor or other source of draft power.

Frame F comprises, in the present instance, side bars 5 and 2 connected by a relatively sturdy cross-piece 3, in the region of and forwardly of 20 which the side bars converge toward a block 4 by means of which the whole is drawn by the draw-bar D, the cross-piece being riveted or otherwise securely fixed at 5-5 to the side bars and effectively resisting any tendency of the 8! frame to distort under the pull of the draft means.

Side bars I and 2 extend rearwardly and provide openings in which is carried a shaft or pivot 6 extending across from one side bar to the other and further bracing the frame against distortion. Shaft S and side bars I and 2 are maintained against displacement axially of the shaft by suitable means such as collars 'l-l and 8-8 fixed with the shaft.

Frame F also includes bracing elements 9 and I 0 extending outwardly from side bars i and 2, respectively, and engaged at their outer extremities by above mentioned pivot shaft 6, the strength of the shaft thus serving to prevent up- 0 and-down, or other displacement of the outer ends of the elements, these elements serving for connection of the wheels by which the frame is supported.

The way inwhich this is done may be understood by a consideration of wheel W and its associated parts, the two wheels being mounted in substantially identical manner. Clutch 0'. may be of any suitable or well-known type, the illustrated embodiment having a normally stationary axle ll, Fig. l, on which wheel W is journaled. the axle extending into a housing If into which also extends a sleeve l3 fixed with the wheel. Housing l2 contains suitable or well-known mechanism, forming no part of the present invention, for connecting sleeve 58 with axle ii for predetermined portions of a revolution, and controlled by a lever it. Housing i2 is fixed with an arm i5 extending backwardly and upwardly, and, in the present instance, bent so as to have a portion it which will lie substantially parallel with shaft 6. Side bar 2 and element lli provide suitable openings in which portion 16 is engaged for pivotal movement whereby the position of the wheel relatively to the frame may be changed, housi g C, and accordingly axle l l and wheel VW, swinging about portion It as a pivot as clearly suggested in Figs. 2, 3 and 6.

For maintaining the parts in adjusted positions axle H has an arm ll rigidly fixed therewith and to which is pivoted a link It connected to support the frame. Rotation of axle II and arm I1 from an upwardly extending position to a downwardly extending position, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, will accordingly cause swinging of arm IS in side bar 2 and element l 0, and consequent vertical adjustment of the position of the frame relatively to the wheel. This movement is caused when desired by momentary connection of the wheel with the axle by clutch C.

In the present arrangement this adjustment of the wheels is used primarily to level the frame by raising the wheel which is to run on the land. Other means is provided for adjusting the wheels for. depth of plowing and for assisting in causing the plows to enter the ground, as will be fully hereinafter described.

Portion I6 is prevented from shifting axially by". suitable collars or the like I9-|9 fixed with the shaft.

Link I8 is connected at its upper end with frame side bar 2 through a depth adjusting lever 20, pivoted to a standard or rack element 2| by a pin or the like 22, the element having suitable teeth at 23 which may be engaged by a detent 2| of suitable or well known type for holding the lever in desired adjusted position. Shifting of the lever causes a change of position of link l8, and consequently a change in the vertical position of the frame relatively to wheel W. This mechanism is duplicated for wheel W a lever 25 being provided, similar to lever 20, and which may be similarly adjusted, with corresponding eflect upon wheel W In practice the two levers are adjusted to similar positions, and the changes in height necessary to level the frame, and to cause the plows to enter and leave the ground, are accomplished by the wheel clutches and other means above referred to.

Since the depth of plowing is adjustable, the throw of the arms l1 will need to be different for different adjustments of levers and in order to substantially level the machine when the furrow wheel is in different depths of furrow, and for this purpose arm I1 is provided with a plurality of apertures l1 and l1 in which link l8 may be alternatively pivoted in accordance with the expected adjustment of levers 20 and 25. More apertures may be provided if a greater range of adjustment is required.

Link I8, as particularly shown in Figs. 6 and 7, provides a slot at 26 engaging a pin 21 fixed with lever 20, and-the pin may be engaged in a plurality of positions in the slot by means of a, latch 28 pivoted at its upper end to link 18 above slot 28 by means of a pin or the like 29, the latch having a downwardly extending arm pivoted to a control rod 3|, and being urged to the right as seen in the figures by a spring 32. It is moved to the left when desired by rod 3|. The latch is aieaeie provided with a notch 33 which engages pin 21 when the latch is moved to the right, thus latching the pin in the upper end of the slot and in eifect pivoting the link to the lever 20 at the full length of the link. This is the position shown in Figs. 2 and 6, and, insofar as this mechanism is concerned, it is the transport position.

The weight of the frame and its connected parts is carried by pin 21, resting on latch 28, the latch communicating the weight to link l8, which transmits it to arm l1 and axle II, and so to wheel W and, consequently, when latch 28 is pulled to the left, from beneath pin 21, the pin drops, together with the lever 20 and the rest of the frame structure, until pin 21 rests in the lower end of slot 26, as shown in Fig. 3, allowing the plow bottoms to enter the ground at such times as wheels W and W are in proper position. In this position, when rod 3| is released, an abutment portion 34, having an oblique lower surface as shown, moves into position above the pin, the

- abutment serving, through the slanted surface,

to thrust the latch aside when pin 21 is raised by contact of the supplemental frame with the ground.

As seen in Fig. 6 a modified form of latch 28 is pivoted to link l8 by means of a pin 29', and has an arm 30 for a similar purpose to arm 30. This latch is also slotted at 33 for reception of pin 21, and has an abutment 34" shaped as shown to retain pin 21 in the lower end of slot 26 at such times as the pin, and accordingly the frame, are in the lowered or plowing position. With this arrangement the wheels may be momentarily supported from the frame and plow bottoms when crossing ditches or other irregularities in the land, thus preventing the parts from going into the transport position inadvertently. A slightly different manipulation of the controls is required,

- as described below.

This completes the description of the mechanism for raising and lowering the frame and plow bottoms. The control mechanism for these parts is in part responsive to movements of the supplemental frame S, and attention is accordingly invited to this part of the machine.

As above suggested, bottoms B ---B and-B=-B are carried on supplemental frame S, which comprises, as seen in Fig. 1, longitudinal bars 35 and 36 of suitable shape, in the present instance offset at 31 and 38, and having plates 39 and 40 fixed therewith for reenforcing purposes, pivot shaft 6 passing through the bars and plates and pivotally supporting the frame. Enid members ll and 42, preferably of channel section, are fixed transversely of bars 35 and 36, defining a generally rectangular frame, centrally fixed on shaft 6 for end-over-end movement, the channel members ll and 42 engaging the ground during rotation of the frame and furnishing enough ground engaging surface to raise and momentarily support the entire plow. through pivot 6 during the act of changing from plowing. to transport position, and from one set of plow bottoms to the other.

It will be noted that the end members ll and 42 are of generous length so that the machine is stable during the interval that it is supported thereon.

Plow bottoms B -B are carried by plow beams 43 and 44 of the usual or suitable type, sec urely fixed to bar 33, while bottoms B -B are carried by beams .45 and 46 fixed to bar 35, the opposite beams being connected to each other by braces 41 and 43 for reenforcing and stiffening arcane I frame, there being means for holding the frame in position, or releasing it when desired.

As seen in Figs. 8 and 9, the means for maincludes a detent 5|, generally of hook-like form, pivoted ona pin or the like 52, suitably supported from cross-piece 3, as by brackets 53 and 54 (see Fig. 1), a lip portion 55 on the detent beneath the end member II and holding, it against its tendency to move in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 8. Detent 5! is locked in the position shown by means of a bell crank arm 55 terminating in a roller 51, the arm being pivoted on a pin or the like 58 carried in brackets 59 and 60 fixed on cross-piece 3. The surface of detent 5i presented to roll 51 may slope slightly in a direction to urge the roll downwardly in the event of movement of the detent away from end member II, and, since any downward movement of the roll is prevented, the detent is locked against accidental displacement frmn beneath member 4|.

Ann 56, beyond pin 58, extends upwardly and is urged by a spring 6| against a cam 52 journaled on a control rock shaft generally denoted by numeral 63; passing through and braced by bracket 59. Cam 62 has an upwardly extending actuating lever 64 by which it may be rotated, and a land 55 against which the upwardly extending and of bell crank 56 rests. It therefore cannot be displaced to the right, as seen in Fig. 9, and prevents downward movement of roll 51 as above suggested. Counter-clock-wise rotation of the cam;

which may be induced through lever 5!, through engagement of an upwardly extending toe portion 66, causes similar rotation of hell-crank 56, and upward movement of roll 51, there being suflicient clearance between the parts to prevent binding by reason of the slope of the surface of the detent, and the roll moves out of locking relation with the detent and; into contact with a tongue 61 extending downwardly and forwardly from pivot pin 52, and constituting part of detent 5|. This causes clock-wise rotation of the detent, and removes lip 55 from beneath end member ll, permitting supplemental frame S to turn about pivot 6. After the frame has described nearly 180, end portion 42 will approach the position occupied by portion 4| in Figs. 8 and 9, the movement being arrested by contact of the end member with lip portion 55, detent 5i having been returned in the meantime to its locked position.

In order to prevent any rebound, or reverse rotation of the supplemental frame after rotation has been stopped by portion 55, a pawl member 68 is pivoted on above mentioned pin 52 in position to be pushed aside by member l2 (or ll, as the case may'be) the pawl being returned to the position shown in Fig. 8 by a spring 55, the lower end of the pawl engaging the upper edge of the end member. Backward movements, vibration, etc. of the supplemental frame therefore do not tend to dislodge the pawl and release the frame.

Lever 64 has pivoted thereto an operatingrod 18, Figs. 1, 2 and 4, extending forwardly into con- 21 in slot 25 as will be apparent. The rotary movement of frame S also operates to properly adjust draw-bar D, and to condition a manual control to actuate the proper clutch (C or C') inaccordancewithwhichwheelistorlmupm the land with the particular plowsthat will be down upon the next release of latch 28 and its companion latch associated with wheel W To continue with the control mechanimn, latch actuating rod 3|, and a companion rod ll, Figs. 1 and 4, extend forwardly and are pivoted to cranks l2 and 13, respectively, fixed at opposite ends of a long rock shaft ll forming an inner core for above mentioned control shaft 53, shaft 53 also including outer sleeves I5 and 15, as particularly shown in Fig. 4. Rock shaft 14 operates latches 28 etc., while sleeves l5 and I5 operate the re spective clutches.

At its mid-portion rock-shaft ll has fixed therewith a clutch element 'il carrying a lever I8 having pivoted thereto a control rod 15 extending forwardly into position to be readily actuated by an operator on the tractor. A pull on this rod will accordingly trip both latches, and allow the frames to drop for engagement of the plows with the ground.

Control rock shaft 63 is carried as a whole in brackets 82 and 83, and above mentioned bracket 58, brackets 82 and 83 being fixed with and carried by the converging portions of side bars i and 2. The sleeve portions engage the brackets, and

are both rotatable and slidable therein.

Rock shaft ll is supported in and arranged to slide through sleeves I5 and 16 and, by virtue of this movement, clutch ll may be engaged with either of clutch portions 80 or 8!, respectively, on sleeves I5 and 16, so that actuation of the clutch may cause simultaneous actuation of either of the sleeves.

Sleeve I5 has a crank arm 8| thereon having pivoted thereto a pull rod 85, which is also pivoted to above mentioned lever M. A crank arm 88is fixed with the outer end of sleeve 16, and connects with a pull rod 81' connected with a lever ll on clutch C corresponding to said lever ll. Thus if clutch member TI is moved to the right as seen in Figs. 1 and 4, (toward the left side of the machine), sleeve 15, and clutch. C will be operated whenever control rod 18 is pulled, and, similarly, if clutch TI is moved to the left, clutch C will be operated.

Clutch TI is shifted by movements of supplemental frame S, end members II and 42 having cam elements 88 and 89, respectively, positioned to contact a shifter element 98 pivoted on a pin or the like 9|, Fig. 5, carried by a bracket 92 m on cross-piece 3. The shifter is forked at its forward end as shown in Fig. 4, and a flange 93 projecting from clutch member 11 whereby shifting ofthe shifter will cause movement of the clutch and sliding of rock shaft M in sleeves I5 and 15, while rotary movement of the clutch is permitted by movement of the flange in the forked portion. 'Ihe sliding movement of the rock shaft is accommodated by the freedom in the connections of rods 3| and II, and it does not affect the clutches in itself. It will now be apparent that actuation of lever I8 will invariably cause release of both latch and the corresponding latch on the other side of the implement, and, simultaneously, actuation of the wheel clutch on the side of the implement corresponding to the direction in which clutch 'I'I happens to be shifted. To guard against damage in the event that the teeth of clutch II happen not to register with the spaces between the teeth of clutches 80 or 8I when clutch I1 is shifted, sleeves I5 and I6, respectively are slidable as above noted in brackets 82 and 83, collars 94 and 95, Fig. 4, preventing inward movement of the sleeves beyond predetermined points, and the sleeves being urged in a direction to maintain the collars against the brackets by springs 96 and 91 interposed between the brackets and other collars 98 and 09 fixed on the sleeves I5 and I6. Thus, although a very substantial force is available for shifting the clutch I'I, namely, the momentum of the heavy supplemental frame S with its attached plow bottoms, acting through cam 88 or 89, there is no danger to the relatively light parts of the control mechanism. Furthermore, in the event that the clutches contact on the ends of the teeth, as above outlined, the springs stand ready to properly engage the clutches as soon as they are brought into correct relation by a pull on control rod I9. The range of action of springs 96 and 91 may be such that the clutch members are held firmly and fully engaged, the sleeves I5 or I6,

as the case may be, being shifted slightly against their respective springs even when the clutches engage properly immediately when shifted. This relation is not essential, however, but it is to be noted that the springs may yield to minimize the impact efiect resulting when the clutch member I1 and rock shaft 1.4 are suddenly arrested by contact with either of clutches 80 or 8|.

Rods I0 and I9 extend forwardly, and are guided in a support generally designated as I00, fixed with a convenient part of the frame as, for example, with block 4, and extending generally upwardly and being slotted at IOI as shown in Fig. 2 and supporting above mentioned rods I0 and 19 in substantially parallel relation. The rods extend forwardly through the slots and carry handles or grip portions I02 and I03 so disposed relatively to each other that handle I03 may be grasped alone, or both handles I03 and I02 may be grasped at once with equal facility. It is thus possible to operate both the latch 5|, allowing the plow bottoms to turn over, and the control for the power-lift clutches simultaneously, or to operate the power-lift control only, as desired.

The operation of the mechanism so far described can now be explained, and it may be readily understood by considering the machine first as in normal operation part way across a field.

The parts will then be substantially in the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 3, wheel W being down, and running in one of the previously completed furrows, and wheel W being up and running upon the unplowed land. Pins 21 are resting in the bottoms of slots 26, and bottoms B B are in the ground. As the implement arrives.

at the end of the field the operator reaches back from the tractor and grasps both handles I 02 and I03 and pulls them forward, holding them for a short time, for example about a second. The pull on handle I02 releases the latch 5| as above described and allows the reaction of the ground against bottoms B -B to start supplemental frame S in its turning over movement,

while the pull on handle I03, through rod I8 and clutch 'II, actuates clutch element 80, sleeve I5,-

and accordingly wheel clutch C which starts to operate'to move the wheel W into its lower position as shown in Fig. 2. While this is happening frame S will have turned to a substantially vertical position, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, contacting the ground, and lifting the whole implement momentarily so that pins 21 move upwardly in slots 26 (in the case of the embodiment of Fig. 6 latches 28 being held out of the paths of the pins by a continued pull on handle I03) and are latched in the upper ends thereof by return of latches 28, urged by springs 32. The plow is then in condition for transport, both wheels being down and the frame being supported in its highest position relatively to links I8. Frame S continues its rotation until end member 42 engages latch 5i when the rotation is arrested, rebound being prevented by detent 68, Fig. 8.

Immediately prior to latching of the frame, cam 89 contacts shifter 90 and moves it to the opposite position from that shown in Fig. 1, shifting clutch I1 into engagement with element 8I. A pull on handle I03 will now affect clutch C instead of C although, as will be understood,

latch 28 and its companion latch on the other side of the machine are always affected by a pull on handle I03, regardless of the position of clutch TI.

The tractor is now maneuvered into position to start the return trip and when the plow reaches the point where it is desired to start the next pair of furrows, this being the point where wheel W will enter the last completed furrow, the operator pulls handle I03 only. This releases latches 28 and allows the main frame to drop substantially to the extent of the length of slots 26, while at the same time, clutch 11 being engaged with element 8| as above explained, through sleeve I6, arm 86, rod 81 and lever I4, clutch C is actuated and operates to allow wheel W which is now running on the unplowed land,

to rise relatively to frame F. This maintains the frame substantially level in spite of the fact that wheel VW is now running in the furrow. The plowing is continued until the opposite end of the field is reached when handles I02 and I 03 are again simultaneously pulled, when an action similar to the one just described takes place, putting the niachine back in the position shown in Figs. 1 and When it is desired to start work in an unplowed field the operation is similar excepting that if it is desired to plow the first furrows to the full depth, both wheels must be in the up" position for the first trip across the field. This condition is obtained by pulling handle I03 at the start of the trip, and also pulling either rod 85 or 81 by hand, according to which wheel would remain down with the setting of clutch 11 then obtaining. At the end of the first furrow the rod may be again pulled in order to get both wheels down for maneuvering into the return position, only one wheel being affected by pulling handle I03, as above explained.

It is necessary with most tractors that the plow trail somewhat to one side of the median line of the tractor, and, to provide for this, drawbar D is arranged to swing about a pin or the like I04, being pivoted thereon at a point intermediate of its length. The drawbar comprises a forwardly extending portion I05 and a rearwardly extending portion I06, as referred to the and eventually to be engaged by latch III in'the pivot I02, portion I being connected with the tractor, in the present instance through a memher I01 pivoted at I02 for u'p-and-down movement relative to portion III. A lack of suitable or well known type I02 having a screw H0 is pivoted to portion I01 at II I and may be actuated to raise or lower member I01 about pivot I00, thus adjusting the effective height of the drawbar to suit the particular tractor to be used.

Rearwardly extending portion I02 serves to determine the extent of swinging movement of the draw-bar, and to maintain it in its adjusted positions. For this purpose the'portion is arranged about an arcuate bar or quadrant, II2 supported from side bars I and 2 as by brackets H2 and Ill, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 10 and 11. Bar II2 carries latch devices generally designated as II! and 2, which are substantially identical, and'of which only [I2 will be specifically described, the latches being arranged to catch and hold the rearwardly extending portion I00 of the drawbar in one or the other of its side positions. The turning movement of the tractor will cause swinging of the draw-bar when it is unlatched, and at times may be depended upon to place the same in position, latched at one side, for each trip across the field, and without attention from the operator, but the bar is arranged to be swung by hand under other conditions.

For this latter purpose a bar. II1 has a pin and slot connection at I I0 Fig. 10, with cross bar 2, and extends forwardly to be pivoted at 9 to portion III. From the pivot the bar extends forwardly and upwardly to a handle portion I20, positioned to be readily reached from the tractor. Under conditions where the draw-bar will not swing of its own accord from the turning movement of the tractor the bar may be readily adjusted by swinging handle I before starting each trip. I

It is essential that the draw-bar be latched at the proper side of the machine in accordance with whether the right-hand or left-hand bottoms are in operation, and this is determined by the position of supplemental frame 8, through automatic actuation of latches II! and H0. Since the latches are substantially alike, the same reference characters have been applied to corresponding parts of both. the latches each consisting ofa bracket portion I2I, Figs. 10 and 11, fixed with bar II2 as by a bolt I22 engaged in one of a plurality of holes as I22, Fig. 11 in the barso that the position of the latches may be changed for a greater or less swing of the drawbar. A detent or book portion I22 lspivotally supported at I20 from the bracket and has a head I which may be pushed aside by the portion I00'of the draw-bar, to latch about the edge thereof and retain the draw-bar. Portion I22 is fixed with a yoke member I22 curving over bar H2 and extending toward supplemental frame 3, and provided with a shoe I21 fixed therewith as by a bolt I20 engaged in one of a plurality of holes as I22 for changing the eifective length'of the member I22 as bracket I2I is shifted along bar H2, and a cam I20 is fixed with end member ll of the frame to contact shoe I21 as the frame reaches its latched or working position.

This contact of the cam with the shoe moves the shoe to the right as seen in Figs. 1 and 10 and moves latch portion I22 out of contact with portion I00 of the draw-bar. The latter cannot 1 then be engaged by latch I I6, but is free to swing frame 8 has turned over into the opposite posi- II1, into engagement with latch H2.

manner above outlined.

Cam I20 is adjustably fixed with member ll as by a bolt I2I engaged in one or another of a series of holes min member n so that the cam 5 may be changed in position to accommodate the positioning of latch II; A similar cam I22, Fig. l, is adjustably positioned on and member 22 for contact with a shoe I22 on latch III when m tion from that shown in Fig. 1. A spring I24 is engaged between portion I20 and bracket I2I in position to urge shoe I21 to the left, and head I22 downwardly, as seen in Fig. 10, to eifect engagement between the latch and portion 102. when permitted by cam I20.

As will now be apparent, when the machine approaches the end of a furrow, and the operator pulls the handles I02 and I02 to cause the frame S to turn over (assuming for example the situation shown in Fig. 1) cam I20 forces shoe I21 a little further to the right than it is shown, and then releases it, allowing head I20 to come into contact with bar II2, ready to catch and retain portion I00 as soon as it swings sufilciently to the right. As frame 8 reaches its new posi- 'tion cam I22 engages shoe I22 and causes latch H5, to release portion I06 so that it may be swung, either by the tractor, or by hand lever It is to be noted that it is impossible for the draw-bar to become latched with latch H8 when bottoms 3 -13 are dbwn (which would be the wrong way) for the reason that latch I I0 is held continuously released in this position of frame 8, and. conversely, it is impossible for the draw-bar to become latched in the other position when bottoms B -B are down. Furthermore, clutch 11 is automatically shifted so that the proper wheel clutch is operated in accordance with the bottoms which are down.

It is therefore extremely unlikely that a wrong adjustment of the machine will be made while it is in operation, and the several settings which are required in a plow of this type during use are made with a minimum of attention and effort on the part of the operator. This is a considerable advantage, inasmuch as the operator's attention is largely taken up by the operation of the tractor at the ends of the field where it is necessary to turn the implement around while avoiding obstructions which are likely to occur in this part of the field.

To further simplify the operator's duties, a modified arrangement of the controls is indicated in Figs. 3 and 4. In this arrangement the identical parts 14, 15, 10, 11, 00, and N are used, and serve the same purposes as they do in the above disclosed embodiment. Clutch 11, however, is actuated by a modified lever 12' which has an extension or tongue 12 extending substantially parallel to rock shaft 12 and into the path of travel of a lever 64 corresponding to above described lever 64. Actuation of lever 10' will operate clutch 11 and accordingly rock shaft 14 and latches 22-20. and one or the other of clutch elements or 8|, according to the position into which clutch 11 has been shifted, all as above set forth, while actuation of lever 22 will release latch 2| to allow supplemental frame 8 to turn, also as above described, and, in addition, through contact with portion 10'', will actuate clutch 11 and initiate theseveral func-- tions just enumerated.

Lever 18' is controlled by a pull-rod 12, while 1.

lever 64' is controlled by a. rod 10, both rods ,being extended within reach of an operator on a tractor drawing the plow, as shown in Fig. 3.

With this arrangement the operation of the plow is further simplified, since the operator never has to pull both handles. When the end of the furrow is reached, rod Ill is pulled, ailowing the supplemental frame to turn over, and, through the element 18 tripping the proper wheel clutch to shift the wheel which has been running on the land. When the implement has been turned around and it is desired to resume plowing, rod 19 is pulled, operating the appropriate wheel clutch and latches 28-28 in the manner previously described to lower the plow bottoms into the ground, element 18'' merely moving away from lever 64 without affecting it.

The construction and operation of the implement will be readily understood from the above description, which is exemplary rather than restrictive, and it is to be understood that the invention is not to be taken as limited by anything in the description, nor in fact in any manner except as defined in the following claims.

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a plow the combination of a main frame, a plurality of plow bottoms arranged for alternate operation, a supplemental frame for supporting said bottoms from the main frame for such alternate operation, a draw-bar pivoted to the main frame for sidewise movement to compensate for the side draft of the plow, means for latching the draw-bar in its sidewardly adjusted positions, and control means for the latching means arranged to be actuated by movements of the supplemental frame to release the draw-bar from one or the other or its latch engagements according to the position of said means.

2. In a plow the combination of a frame, a plurality of plow bottoms arranged for aitemate operation, wheels for supporting said frame, means for shifting the wheels relatively to the frame for leveling the frame, control means for the shifting means, means for supporting said bottoms from the frame for such alternate operation, a draw-bar pivoted to the frame for sidewise movement to compensate for the side draft of the plow, means for latching the draw-bar in its sidewardly adjusted positions, and latch control means, said control means for the shifting means and said latch control means being arranged to be actuated by movements of the bottom supporting means for automatically determining which of said wheels should be shifted and for releasing the draw-bar from one or the other of its latched engagements, in accordance with the position of said bottom supporting means.

3. In a two-way plow a frame including a pair of spaced side rails, bracing elements on the side rails and projecting out of the vertical plane thereof, arms individual to the side rails and engaged therewith and with the bracing elements, wheels on the arms for supporting the structure, a supplemental frame disposed between said side rails, a pivot shaft extending between said side rails and to which said supplemental frame is connected for pivotal support, said shaft being connected to said side rails and to said bracing elements to lend its strength to prevent twisting of the rails and displacement of the bracing elements and arms.

4. In a plow the combination of a frame, a pair of wheels, arms connecting the frame with the wheels for supporting the frame therefrom. and movable to vary the vertical position of the frame, separate operating devices arranged upon release to be operated by rotation of the wheels to move said arms to effect vertical displacement of the frame relatively to the wheels, oppositely arranged plowing implements supported by the frame'for alternate engagement with the ground, and release means for said operating devices arranged to be connected with one of said device; when said implements are in one position and with the other of said devices when said implements are in the other position.

5. In a plow the combination of a frame, a pair of wheels, separate arms connecting the frame with the wheels for supporting the frame therefrom, and movable to vary the verticalposi tion of the frame, separate operating devices arranged upon release to be operated by rotation of the wheels to move said arms to effect vertical displacement of the frame relatively to the wheels, oppositely arranged plowing implements supported by the frame for rotation independently of the axles for alternate engagement with the ground, and release means for said operating devices arranged to bev connected with one "of said devices when said implements are in one position, and with the other of said devices when said implements are in the other position.

6. In a plow the combination of a frame, a plurality of plow bottoms arranged foralterna operation, means for supporting said bottoms from the frame for such alternate operation, wheels for supporting said frame, means for shifting the wheels relatively to the frame for leveling the frame, and control means for the shifting means arranged to beconditioned by movements of the plow bottom supporting means for shifting the wheels in accordance with the type of plow bottom in operation.

7. In a plow the combination of a frame, a plurality of plow bottoms arranged for alternate operation, means for supporting said bottoms from the frame for such alternate operation, trip means for causing change from one type of bottoms to the other, wheels for supporting said frame, means for shifting the wheels relatively to the frame for leveling the frame, control means for the shifting means arranged to be conditioned by movements of the plow bottom supporting means for shifting the wheels in'accordance with the type of plow bottom in operation, and a connection between the trip means and the shifting means for automatically causing the wheels to be shifted in accordance with the conditioning of the control means when said trip means is actuated.

8. In a plow, a main frame, a plow carrying frame rotatably mounted thereon, an arm on the main frame, a clutch supported on the arm, an axle forming part of the clutch, a wheel supported by the axle, an arm connected to the axle, a link connected to the latter arm, a lever mounted on the main frame, and means on the lever slldably engaging the link to verticallyadjust the main frame relatively to the wheel upon actuation of the lever, said slidable engagement being arranged for said main frame to be lifted by contact of the plow carrying frame with the ground, independently of the actuation of the lever.

9. In a plow, a main frame, a plow carrying frame rotatably mounted thereon, an arm on the main frame, a clutch supported on the arm, an

axle forming part of the clutch, a wheel supported by the axle, an arm connected tothe axle. a link connected to the latter arm, a lever mounted on the main frame, means on the lever slidably engaging the link to vertically adjust the main frame relatively to .the wheel upon actuation of the lever, and latching means on the link for controlling said engaging means to variously position the latter for maintaining the link in a plurality of vertical adjustments relatively to the lever. e

10. In a plow, a main frame, a plow carrying frame rotatably mounted thereon, an arm on the main frame, a clutch supported on the arm, an axle forming part of the clutch, a wheel supported by the axle, an arm connected to the axle, a slotted link connected to the latter arm, and a lever on the main frame engaging the slotted portion of the link to vertically adjust the frame relatively to the wheel upon actuation of said lever.

11. In a plow, a main frame, a plow carrying frame rotatably mounted thereon, an arm on the main frame, a clutch supported on the'arm, an axle forming part of the clutch, a wheel supported by the axle, an arm connected to the axle, a slotted link connected to the latter arm, a lever on the frame engaging the slotted portion of the link to vertically adjust the frame relatively to the wheel upon actuation of said lever, and latching means associated with the link for controlling the lever to variously position the link in a plurality of vertical adjustments relatively to the lever.

12. In a plow, a main frame, arms mounted on the frame, wheels supported by the arms,

clutches associated with the wheels for raising and lowering the frame vertically, adjustable means connecting the wheelsto the frame independently of said arms, control means on the frame comprising sleeves and a movable rod, means connecting the sleeves to the clutches, means connecting the rod to said'means connecting the wheels to the frame, means for actuating the sleeves to operate said clutches, and means for actuating the rod to adjust said means for connecting the wheels to the frame.

13. In a two-way plow of the character described, a main frame, a plow frame rotatably mounted thereon and carrying right and left plow bottoms for alternate operation as said frame rotates, a drawbar mounted on the main frame for lateral swinging movement, latching means on the main frame adapted to engage the drawbar when swung laterally in relation to the main frame for aligning the draft power with the type of bottom in use, and means on the plow frame adapted to contact with and release the engaging means from the drawbar during rotation of the plow frame for changing from one type of plow bottom to the other.

14. In a plow of the character described, a main frame, a rotatable plow frame on the main frame carrying plow bottoms at its opposite sides, wheels supporting the main frame, manually operated means for vertically adjusting the main frame in relation to the wheels, clutch control means on the main frame, means connecting the wheels and the main frame to said control means whereby said frame may be vertically adjusted independently of said manually operated means,

rotate to position plow bottoms in operative condition and the opposite end of the plow beam to become engaged with the main frame.

15. In a plow, a main frame, a rotatable plow carrying frame mounted on said frame, arms on the main frame, clutches on the arms, wheels associated with the clutches, means connecting the clutches to the frame whereby the latter may be vertically adjusted relatively to the ground, controlling means on the main frame comprising a rod, means connecting the rod and the vertically adjusting means, sleeves on the rod having clutch members on their inner ends, means connecting each sleeve to a wheel clutch, a clutch on the rod adapted to be engaged with either of said clutch members to turn the sleeve equipped therewith for actuating the means connecting the sleeve and wheel clutch for adjusting the latter, and means for turning the rod to actuate the means connecting the latter and the vertically adjusting means.

16. In a plow of the character described, a main frame, a rotatable plow frame on the main frame equipped with oppositely disposed plow bottoms, means on the main frame for engaging the plow frame in plowing condition, oppositely disposed wheels supportingthe main and plow frames, means for releasing the plow frame to become self-positioned for vertically adjusting the main frame and also to rotate for'reversing its position and presenting oppositely, disposed plow bottoms to the ground, means for adjusting the wheels to position one thereof in a furrow and the oppositely disposed wheel on unplowed ground, a laterally swinging drawbar on the frame, means on the main frame at opposite sides thereof for engaging the drawbar when swung into contact therewith, and means on the plow frame contacting with and releasing the engaging means from the drawbar as said latter frame is rotated.

17. In a two-way plow, a main frame, a plow frame carrying oppositely acting plow bottoms and rotatably mounted on the main frame for presenting opposite types of bottoms alternately to the ground, a swinging drawbar on the main frame, latching means on the main frame including a detent for engaging the drawbar in fixed position, and means on the plow frame adapted to contact with the latching means as said frame is being rotated for changing from one type of bottom to the other whereby the detent becomes disengaged from the drawbar to automatically release the latter to, be swung in to the ground, a swinging drawbar on the main frame, latching means on the main frame ineluding a detent for engaging the drawbar in fixed position, means on the plow frame adapted to contact with the latching means as said frame is being rotated for changing from one type of bottom to the other whereby the detent becomes disengaged from the drawbar to automatically release the latter to be swung in an opposite direction, and manually operated means associated with the drawbar for swinging the same laterally when said automatic releasing means is effective.

19. In a plow, a main frame, a supplemental frame rotatably mounted on the main frame and having plow bottoms thereon, arms at opposite sides of the main frame, a clutch on each of said arms, an axle forming partof-each clutch, a wheel on each of said axles, an arm connected to each clutch axle, a slotted link connected to each of said latter arms, a lever on each side of the main frame including means engaging the slot in. the link associated therewith, latching means securing said engaging means in relation to the slot whereby the weight of said main frame and parts associated therewith is carried by the engaging means, and means controlling the latching means to release the same from said engaging means to cause the latter to descend to the lower ends of the slots in the links and the plow bottoms to enter the ground.

20. In a plow, a main frame, a rotatable plow carrying frame mounted thereon, an arm mounted on the main frame, a clutch supported on the arm, an axle forming part of the clutch, a wheel mounted on the axle, a longitudinally movable link connected to the clutch, a latch for controlling the movement of said link, controlling means on themain frame comprising a transverse rod having crank arms at its opposite ends, rotatable sleeves encasing said rod and provided with crank arms, a clutch member at the inner end of each sleeve, a clutch engageable with either of said clutch members, a shifter on the main frame for adjusting said clutch to engage either of the clutch members and slide said rod in thesleeves upon contact with the shifter by a part of said plow carrying frame, a detent on the main frame for supporting one end of the plow carrying frame, a pawl engaging said frame part to prevent its upward movement, a bell-crank engaging the detent to maintain the latter in supporting position, a cam engaging the bell crank, a lever connected to the cam, a pull-rod connected to the latter lever, a link connecting the pull-rod to said latch for engaging and releasing the latter in relation to the longitudinally movable link, a link connecting the sleeve to the first mentioned clutch, and a pullrod for actuating the latter link to operate the clutch.

21. In a. plow, a main frame, a plow carrying frame rotatably mounted thereon, an arm on the main frame, a clutch supported on the arm, an axle forming part of the clutch, a wheel supported by the axle, an arm connected to the axle, a slotted link connected to the latter arm, a lever on the frame and having a portion engaging the slot in the link to vertically adjust the frame relatively to the wheel upon actuation of the lever, and latching means associated with the link for latching the portion engaging the slot positively at one or the other end of said slot to variously position the link in a plurality of vertical adjustments relatively to the lever.

22. In a plow, a main frame, a rotatable plow carrying frame mounted on said main frame, arms on the main frame, clutches on thearms, wheels associated with the clutches, means connecting the clutches to the frame whereby the latter maybe vertically adjusted relatively to the ground, controlling means on the main frame comprising a rod, means connecting the rod and the vertically adjusting means, sleeves on the rod having clutch members on their inner ends, means connecting each sleeve to a wheel clutch, detent means for holding said rotatable plow carrying frame against rotation, a lever connected for controlling said detent means journaled about one of said sleeves, a clutch on the rod adapted to be engaged with either of said clutch members to turn the sleeve equipped therewith for actuating the means connecting the sleeve and wheel clutch for adjusting the latter, a lever connected for turning the rod to actuate the means connecting the latter and the vertically adjusting means, and means extending from the last mentioned lever into the path of the first mentioned lever whereby actuation of the first mentioned lever will operate the detent means, the vertically adjusting means, and one of the sleeves on the rod for operating one of the wheel clutches, while actuation of the second-mentioned lever will operate the vertically adjusting means, and one of the sleeves for operating one of the wheel clutches, but not the detent means.

23. In a plow the combination of a frame, a

plurality of plow bottoms arranged for alternate operation, means for supporting said bottoms from the frame for such alternate operation, trip means for causing change from one type of bottom to the other, actuating means for the trip means, wheels for supporting said frame, means for shifting the wheels relatively to the frame for leveling the frame, control means for the shifting means arranged to be conditioned by movements of the plow bottom supporting means for shifting the wheels in accordance with the type of plow bottom in operation, a connection between the trip means and the shifting means for automatically causing the wheels to be shifted in accordance with the conditioning of the control means when said trip means is actuated, but said connection being so arranged that said trip means is not actuated when said control means for the shifting means is actuated.

24. In a plow a main frame, a rotatable plow carrying frame mounted thereon, and detent means on the main frame for supporting one end of the plow carrying frame to prevent rotation thereof, said detent means including a hook member pivoted at a point forwardly of and above the end of the plow frame and having a rearwardly directed lip extending under said end, a member pivoted forwardly of said hook and having a leg extending rearwardly from its pivot to a point between the pivot of the hook and the lip thereof, means for locating said leg member in a locking position such that attemped forward movement of said hook will be prevented by said member, and will not tend to dislodge it from such position, control means for moving said member out of such position to permit forward movement of said hook for withdrawing said lip from beneath the end of the plow frame for allowing the same to turn over, and a forwardly directed tongue on the hook positioned to be engaged by said member when so moved for so withdrawing said hook.

25. In a plow a main frame, a rotatable plow carrying frame mounted thereon, and detent means on the main frame for supporting one end of the plow carrying frame to prevent rotation thereof, said detent means including a hook member pivoted at a point forwardly of and above the end of the plow frame and having a rearwardly directed lip extending under said end, a member pivoted forwardly of said hook and having a leg extending rearwardly from the pivot of said member to a point between the pivot of the hook and the lip thereof, means for locating said leg member in a locking position such that attempted forward movement of said hook will be prevented by said member, and will not tend to dislodge it from such position, and control means for moving said member out of such position to release said hook for forward movement to withdraw said lip from beneath the forward end of the plow frame.

26. In a two-way plow having a main frame a plow carrying frame rotatably mounted in the main frame and including end members defining a generally rectangular frame, a draw-bar pivoted intermediate its ends to the main frame whereby to be movable from side to side to provide a correct draft line for the type of bottoms at work, and to provide a portion extending to the rear of the pivot, latches on the main frame arranged to catch and hold said portion at desired points of sideward travel thereof, and cam means fixed with the end members for contacting the latches, the cam means on either end member being arranged to render inoperative the latch opposite to that which is required to engage said rearwardly extending portion to provide the correct line of draft for the plow bottoms that are down when that particular cam engages its'latch.

2'7. In a two-way plow having a main frame ineluding a quadrant, a plow carrying frame rotatably mounted in the main frame and including end members defining a generally rectangular frame, a draw-bar pivoted intermediate its ends to the main frame whereby to be movable from side to side to provide a correct draft line for the type of bottoms at work, and to provide a portion extending to the rear of the pivot for movement in proximity to said quadrant, latches on the quadrant arranged to catch and hold said portion at desired points of sideward travel thereof and adjustable on the quadrant to provide a variety of sidewardly engaged positions for said portion for accommodating the peculiarities of various tractors to be used with the plow, and cam means fixed with the end members for contacting the latches, and adiustable on the end members for cooperation with the latches in the various adjusted positions thereof, the cam means on either end member being arranged to render inoperative the latch opposite to that which is required to engage said rearwardly extending portion to provide the correct line of draft for the plow bottoms that are down when that particular cam engages its latch.

28. In a two-way turn-over plow a main frame, a ly extending control unit on the frame imluding a center rod control connections at its outer ends. a clutch on the rod intermediate its ends, control means for rotating the clutch and rod, sleeves on the rod on either 'side of the clutch, a clutch element on the inner end of each sleeve for alternative engagement 5 with the clutch on said rod'for rotating one or the other of the sleeves with the rod, according to which sleeve clutch portion is engaged with the first mentioned clutch, control connections on said sleeves and means for shifting said first mentioned clutch in the direction of the axis of said rod for engaging it with one or the other of said sleeve clutch portions.

29 In a two-way tum-over plow a main frame, a transversely extending control unit on the frame including a center rod having control connections at its outer ends, a clutch on the rod intermediate its ends, control means for rotating the clutch and rod, sleeves on the rod on either side of the clutch, a clutch element on the inner end of each sleeve for alternative engagement' with the clutch on said rod for rotating one or the other of the sleeves with the rod, according to which sleeve clutch portion is engaged with they first mentioned clutch, control connections on said sleeves, means for shifting said first mentioned clutch in the direction of the axis of said rod for engaging it with one or the other of said sleeve clutch portions, and means for holding said sleeve clutch portions in position to be engaged by said first mentioned clutch, and arranged'to yield to permit movement of the same in the event that it and the sleeve-clutch portion with which it is to be engaged are not in position for engagement. 7

30. In a two-way plow, a frame including a pair of spaced side rails, arms individual to the side rails and connected thereto for supporting the frame, wheels on the arms for supporting the structure and displaced from the vertical planes [of the side rails, bracing elements on the side rails and projecting therefrom beyond the vertical planes of the wheels, a supplemental frame disposed between said side rails, a pivot shaft extending between said side rails and to which 

